Online Teaching and Learning Challenges in a Mountainous and Remote Area of Vietnam
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210226.015Keywords:
Remote, rural, Dien Bien, mountainous, online teaching, online learning, challengesAbstract
This qualitative study explored the key challenges of teachers and students living in remote rural mountainous regions of northern Vietnam. This study was carried out in Dien Bien Province, one of Vietnam’s most disadvantaged areas. Even though this issue has been studied by many researchers and educators around the world and Vietnam, it is not paid enough attention to remote and mountainous areas like Dien Bien. Information was gathered using multiple interviews with 04 teachers and 04 students at 02 High Schools in Dien Bien Province. An analysis of the results of this study resulted in the identification of key challenges shaping the teaching and learning outcomes of studied participants. Key influences identified were: technological challenges, pedagogical challenges, learning and teaching environment challenges, and social challenges. This study suggests some solutions for both government and individuals so as to have better educational outcomes.
References
GSO, Statistical Yearbook of Vietnam, Statistical Publishing House, Hanoi, 2019
M. Linh, T. Chau, Khó khăn trong dạy và học trực tuyến, 2020. http://quangtritv.vn/tin-tuc-n8863/kho-khan-trong-day-va-hoc-truc-tuyen.html
B. Dube, Rural Online Learning in the Context of COVID-19 in South Africa: Evoking an inclusive Education Approach, Multidisciplinary Journal of Educational Research, 2020, pp. 135-157. http://dx.doi.org/10.447/remie.2020.5607
A. O. Mohmmed, B. A. Khidhir, A. Nazeer, V. J. Vijayan, Emergency remote teaching during Coronavirus pandemic: Innovative Infrastructure Solutions, 2020.
Eder R (2020) The remoteness of remote learning. J Interdisc Stud Educ 9(1):168–17
Stud Educ 9(1):168–171Proceedings of the Formal Methods for Eternal Networked Software Systems (SFM), Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2011, pp. 53–
G.D. Penna, B. Intrigila, I. Melatti, E. Tronci, M.V. Zilli, Bounded probabilistic model checking with the muralpha verifier, in: A.J. Hu, A.K. Martin (Eds.), Proceedings of the Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2004, pp. 214–229. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30494-4_16
E. Clarke, O. Grumberg, S. Jha, et al., Counterexample-guided abstraction refinement, in: E.A. Emerson, A.P. Sistla (Eds.), Computer Aided Verification, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2000, pp. 154–169. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/10722167_15
H. Barringer, R. Kuiper, A. Pnueli, Now you may compose temporal logic specifications, in: Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual ACM Symposium on the Theory of Computing (STOC), ACM, 1984, pp. 51–63. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/800057.808665
A. Pnueli, In transition from global to modular temporal reasoning about programs, in: K.R. Apt (Ed.), Logics and Models of Concurrent Systems, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 1984, pp. 123–144. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-82453-1_5
B. Meyer, Applying "Design by Contract", Computer 25(10) (1992) 40–51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/2.161279
S. Bensalem, M. Bogza, A. Legay, T.H. Nguyen, J. Sifakis, R. Yan, Incremental component-based construction and verification using invariants, in: Proceedings of the Conference on Formal Methods in Computer Aided Design (FMCAD), IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, 2010, pp. 257–256.
H. Barringer, C.S. Pasareanu, D. Giannakopolou, Proof rules for automated compositional verification through learning, in Proc. of the 2nd International Workshop on Specification and Verification of Component Based Systems, 2003.
M.G. Bobaru, C.S. Pasareanu, D. Giannakopoulou, Automated assume-guarantee reasoning by abstraction refinement, in: A. Gupta, S. Malik (Eds.), Proceedings of the Computer Aided Verification, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2008, pp. 135–148. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-70545-1_14
B. N. Yusuf, Are we prepared enough? A case study of challenges in online learning in a private higher learning institution during the Covid-19 outbreaks. Adv. Soc. Sci. Res. J. 2020, 7, pp. 205–212. https://journals.scholarpublishing.org/index.php/ASSRJ/article/view/8211
Dương Kim Anh, Việt Nam: Covid-19 và thách thức đối với ngành giáo dục, Friedrich Ebert Stiftung, accessed December 24th 2020, https://www.fes-vietnam.org/vi/vn-news-events-publications-detail/viet-nam-covid-19-va-thach-thuc-doi-voi-nganh-giao-duc/
P. M. Shields, The Community of Inquiry: Insights for Public Administration from Jane Addams, John Dewey and Charles S. Peirce. Presented at the Public Administration Theory Network, Portland Oregon, 1999.
D. Dumitru, Communities of inquiry. A method to teach. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences 33, 2012, pp. 238 – 242.
D. R. Garrison, T. Anderson, & W. Archer, Critical inquiry in a text-based environment: Computer conferencing in higher education. The Internet and Higher Education, 2(2), 1999, pp. 87-105.
D. R. Garrison, T. Anderson, W. Archer, The first decade of the community of inquiry framework: A retrospective. The Internet and Higher Education. 13(1), 2010, pp. 5-9.
R. K. Yin, Case study research: design and methods. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, 2003.
B. Lockitt, Adult, community and work based learning: e-learning 3T productions, Cheadle, UK, 2004.
J. Dron, Control and constraint in e-learning: Choosing when to choose Idea Group Publishing, London, 2007.
E. A. Eisya, Poor internet connection, lack of devices hinder online learning: Ministry, The Jakarta Post, accessed December 24th 2020, https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2020/12/01/poor-internet-connection-lack-of-devices-hinder-online-learning-ministry.html.
J. Salman, Hundreds of thousands of students still can’t access online learning, Hechingerreport, accessed December 24th, 2020. https://hechingerreport.org/hundreds-of-thousands-of-students-still-cant-access-online-learning/
L. Compton, Preparing language teachers to teach language online: a look at skills, roles, and responsibilities. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 22(1), 2009, pp. 73-99.
N. Davis & R. Rose, Professional developments for virtual schooling and online learning, 2007, http://www.inacol.org/research/docs/NACOL_PDforVSandOlnLrng.pdf
J. A. Beyea, E. Wong, M. Bromwich, W. W. Weston, & K. Fung, Evaluation of a particle repositioning maneuver web-based teaching module. Laryngoscope, 118(1), 2008, pp. 175–180.
Misha Ketchell, 5 ways to support online homeschooling through the coronavirus pandemic, the conservation, accessed December 24th 2020, https://theconversation.com/5-ways-to-support-online-homeschooling-through-the-coronavirus-pandemic-144147
Anna McKie, Lack of study space and poor connections hinder online learning, the world university rankings, accessed December 24th 2020, https://www.timeshighereducation.com/news/lack-study-space-and-poor-connections-hinder-online-learning
L. Olesova, D. Yang, and J. C. Richardson, “Cross-Cultural Differences in Undergraduate Students' Perceptions of Online Barriers.” Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks 15(3), 2011, pp. 68–80.
J. Delahunty, I. Verenikina, and P. Jones, “Socio-Emotional Connections: Identity, Belonging and Learning in Online Interactions — A Literature Review.” Technology, Pedagogy and Education, 23(2), 2014, pp. 243–265.
K. Phirangee, A. Malec, “Othering in Online Learning: An Examination of Social Presence, Identity, and Sense of Community.” Distance Education: Special Issue: Social Presence and Identity in Online Learning, 38(2), 2017, pp. 160–172.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Lo Van Pang
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright
The copyright of all articles published in the Proceedings of the AsiaCALL International Conference (paic) remains with the Authors, i.e. Authors retain full ownership of their article. Permitted third-party reuse of the open access articles is defined by the applicable Creative Commons (CC) end-user license which is accepted by the Authors upon submission of their paper. All articles in the aicp are published under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license, meaning that end users can freely share an article (i.e. copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and adapt it (i.e. remix, transform and build upon the material) on the condition that proper attribution is given (i.e. appropriate credit, a link to the applicable license and an indication if any changes were made; all in such a way that does not suggest that the licensor endorses the user or the use) and the material is only used for non-commercial purposes.
